![]() At the end of cell division, sister chromatids separate, becoming daughter chromosomes in the newly formed daughter cells. ![]() Chromatids connected by a centromere are called sister chromatids. A chromatid is either of the two strands of a replicated chromosome.Your solution with the spaghetti is to wind it up into a ball that you can carry safely: the cells solution is to condense the chromatin into the chromosome visible in mitosis and meiosis. The two strands are identical and connected in a central region called the centromere. The same is true trying to move an uncondensed chromosome through the viscous cytoplasm. A duplicated chromosome is double-stranded and has the familiar X shape. During the mitotic (M) phase, the cell separates its DNA into two sets and divides its cytoplasm, forming two new cells. During interphase, the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA. During the cell division processes of mitosis and meiosis, chromosomes replicate to ensure that each new daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. In eukaryotic cells, or cells with a nucleus, the stages of the cell cycle are divided into two major phases: interphase and the mitotic (M) phase. DNA Molecules Are Highly Condensed in Chromosomes All eucaryotic organisms have elaborate ways of packaging DNA into chromosomes. Chromosomes are single-stranded groupings of condensed chromatin.Only when a cell is about to divide and its DNA has replicated does DNA condense and coil into the familiar X-shaped form of a chromosome, like the one shown in Figure 7.3. Chromatids are distinct bodies that have 2. The Forms of DNA Except when a eukaryotic cell divides, its nuclear DNA exists as a grainy material called chromatin. During cell division, chromatin condenses to form chromosomes. The combination of proteins (histones) and DNA is commonly referred to as chromatin, which makes chromatids the condensed version of chromatin. Chromosomes are long strands of DNA where genes (instructions for specific traits and proteins) are encoded. The chromatin contains a person’s chromosomes. At this time, the DNA is in a loose, soupy form known as chromatin. A cell may spend up to 95 of its life in interphase. Processes including DNA replication, transcription, and recombination occur in euchromatin. When cells are not actively dividing, they are in interphase. These chromatin fibers are not condensed but can exist in either a compact form (heterochromatin) or less compact form (euchromatin). codon DNA may coil and condense into visible structures called. Chromatin is composed of DNA and histones that are packaged into thin, stringy fibers.
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